Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

TNFSF13

TNF superfamily member 13

translation score 0.57, read 2026-10-24; 2 sealed predictions, 0 held; 2 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
no genetic evidence; overall 0.02 from other evidence0.00
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
cell type enhanced in astrocytes (28 nCPM)1.00
chemistry
Open Targets
compounds already reach it: atacicept, sibeprenlimab0.81
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
1 Parkinson's papers of 1720.91
pathways
Reactome
2 pathways; mostly other0.30
proposal for TNFSF13, translation score 0.57

Knock down and overexpress TNFSF13 in astrocytes; measure a transcriptome-wide state shift (bulk RNA-seq) and α-synuclein uptake and degradation, and dopamine neuron survival in co-culture.

Cell type
astrocytes
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps; existing compounds already reach the inhibition arm.
Molecular readout
a transcriptome-wide state shift (bulk RNA-seq)
Functional readout
α-synuclein uptake and degradation, and dopamine neuron survival in co-culture
Rule-out
If neither arm moves a transcriptome-wide state shift (bulk RNA-seq) by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of TNFSF13 in iPSC-derived midbrain astrocytes; n = 3 differentiations; readouts: a transcriptome-wide state shift (bulk RNA-seq); α-synuclein uptake and degradation, and dopamine neuron survival in co-culture. Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Sealed predictions

  1. TNFSF13 in dopamine neurons, braak-0.78 (p 0.014) → +0.01 (p 0.982)receipt 8501
  2. TNFSF13 in astrocytes, braak-0.12 (p 0.750) → +0.45 (p 0.219)receipt 8500

Swarm cases

receipt 8501: TNFSF13 in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample -0.26 (p 0.306, n 18), 95% CI -0.65 to +0.24. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: -0.26 (p 0.306, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: -0.20 (p 0.418, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.36 to -0.16, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors -0.26 (p 0.306, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for TNFSF13 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 8500: TNFSF13 in astrocytes, braak

power
full sample +0.15 (p 0.544, n 18), 95% CI -0.34 to +0.58. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.13 (p 0.609, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
astrocytes share of nuclei vs axis -0.21 (p 0.413); controlling for it: -0.02 (p 0.942, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.05 to +0.29, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.15 (p 0.544, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for TNFSF13 in astrocytes.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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