Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

S100B

S100 calcium binding protein B

translation score 0.48, read 2026-10-18; 2 sealed predictions, 0 held; 3 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
no genetic evidence; overall 0.11 from other evidence0.00
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
cell type enhanced, including oligodendrocytes; strongest in schwann cells0.75
chemistry
Open Targets
a small-molecule pocket0.60
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
108 Parkinson's papers of 4,4720.38
pathways
Reactome
4 pathways; mostly immune signalling0.90

No case: the score is under the bar. Receipt 2448

Sealed predictions

  1. S100B in oligodendrocytes, braak+0.90 (p 0.001) → -0.12 (p 0.749)receipt 2455
  2. S100B in dopamine neurons, braak+0.55 (p 0.125) → -0.19 (p 0.630)receipt 2456

Swarm cases

receipt 2456: S100B in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample +0.17 (p 0.498, n 18), 95% CI -0.32 to +0.59. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.09 (p 0.735, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: +0.33 (p 0.188, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.07 to +0.31, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.17 (p 0.498, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for S100B in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 2455: S100B in oligodendrocytes, braak

power
full sample +0.25 (p 0.319, n 18), 95% CI -0.25 to +0.64. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.13 (p 0.603, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
oligodendrocytes share of nuclei vs axis +0.03 (p 0.915); controlling for it: +0.17 (p 0.509, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.16 to +0.40, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.25 (p 0.319, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for S100B in oligodendrocytes.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

loading the receipts