Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

TGFBR1

transforming growth factor beta receptor 1

translation score 0.59, read 2026-10-16; 2 sealed predictions, 0 held; 2 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
no genetic evidence; overall 0.46 from other evidence0.00
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
cell type enhanced in microglia (420 nCPM)1.00
chemistry
Open Targets
compounds already reach it: galunisertib, vactosertib0.90
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
5 Parkinson's papers of 1,3340.76
pathways
Reactome
10 pathways; mostly growth signalling0.60
proposal for TGFBR1, translation score 0.59

Knock down and overexpress TGFBR1 in microglia; measure phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT response to GDNF and uptake and clearance of α-synuclein fibrils and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (IL-1β release).

Cell type
microglia
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps; existing compounds already reach the inhibition arm.
Molecular readout
phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT response to GDNF
Functional readout
uptake and clearance of α-synuclein fibrils and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (IL-1β release)
Rule-out
If neither arm moves phospho-ERK by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of TGFBR1 in iPSC-derived microglia (iMGL); n = 3 differentiations; readouts: phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT response to GDNF; uptake and clearance of α-synuclein fibrils and NLRP3 inflammasome activation (IL-1β release). Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Sealed predictions

  1. TGFBR1 in microglia, braak+0.08 (p 0.832) → +0.26 (p 0.498)receipt 0404
  2. TGFBR1 in dopamine neurons, braak+0.29 (p 0.457) → -0.10 (p 0.807)receipt 0405

Swarm cases

receipt 0405: TGFBR1 in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample +0.03 (p 0.901, n 18), 95% CI -0.44 to +0.49. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.07 (p 0.774, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: +0.05 (p 0.854, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range -0.09 to +0.13, sign flips 4; without severely affected donors +0.03 (p 0.901, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for TGFBR1 in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 0404: TGFBR1 in microglia, braak

power
full sample +0.21 (p 0.413, n 18), 95% CI -0.29 to +0.61. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.22 (p 0.374, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
microglia share of nuclei vs axis -0.11 (p 0.652); controlling for it: +0.24 (p 0.341, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.10 to +0.32, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.21 (p 0.413, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for TGFBR1 in microglia.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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