Braak stage 1, 100% of pigmented neurons left
parkinsonconnecting

Gene record

CTSO

cathepsin O

translation score 0.61, read 2026-10-26; 2 sealed predictions, 0 held; 2 receipts.

Six readers

readerfoundscore
genetics
Open Targets
no genetic evidence; overall 0.01 from other evidence0.00
cell type
Human Protein Atlas
cell type enhanced in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (52 nCPM)1.00
chemistry
Open Targets
reachable by antibody0.36
trials
ClinicalTrials.gov
no Parkinson's trials on record: an open field1.00
literature
PubMed
no papers tie it to Parkinson's yet1.00
pathways
Reactome
2 pathways; mostly immune signalling0.90
proposal for CTSO, translation score 0.61

Knock down and overexpress CTSO in oligodendrocytes; measure IL-1β and TNF release and surface HLA-DR and α-synuclein uptake and myelin basic protein output under oxidative stress.

Cell type
oligodendrocytes
Direction
Both arms: public data does not say which way helps.
Molecular readout
IL-1β and TNF release and surface HLA-DR
Functional readout
α-synuclein uptake and myelin basic protein output under oxidative stress
Rule-out
If neither arm moves IL-1β by 20% or more against non-targeting and empty-vector controls, across three independent differentiations, the hypothesis is wrong.
Lab request
CRISPRi knockdown and lentiviral overexpression of CTSO in iPSC-derived oligodendrocytes; n = 3 differentiations; readouts: IL-1β and TNF release and surface HLA-DR; α-synuclein uptake and myelin basic protein output under oxidative stress. Controls: non-targeting guide, empty vector. About 8 to 10 weeks, most of it differentiation.

Sealed predictions

  1. CTSO in dopamine neurons, braak+0.12 (p 0.749) → +0.39 (p 0.299)receipt 11331
  2. CTSO in oligodendrocytes, braak+0.48 (p 0.186) → -0.45 (p 0.227)receipt 11330

Swarm cases

receipt 11331: CTSO in dopamine neurons, braak

power
full sample +0.31 (p 0.211, n 18), 95% CI -0.18 to +0.68. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.35 (p 0.159, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
dopamine neurons share of nuclei vs axis +0.05 (p 0.854); controlling for it: +0.32 (p 0.194, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.23 to +0.45, sign flips 0; without severely affected donors +0.31 (p 0.211, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for CTSO in dopamine neurons.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

receipt 11330: CTSO in oligodendrocytes, braak

power
full sample +0.11 (p 0.664, n 18), 95% CI -0.38 to +0.55. the interval is wide: not enough donors to tell.
confounder
adjusted for sex: +0.11 (p 0.664, n 18). does not hold up.
composition
oligodendrocytes share of nuclei vs axis +0.03 (p 0.915); controlling for it: +0.22 (p 0.389, n 18). could be the mix.
skeptic
leave-one-out range +0.00 to +0.24, sign flips 1; without severely affected donors +0.11 (p 0.664, n 18). fragile.
cell type
no other cell group does better.
axis
no measure beats "tracks Braak Lewy-body stage" for CTSO in oligodendrocytes.

case closed: nothing better to follow up.

Receipts

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